What is endocrinology?
Endocrinology is the branch of science and medicine dealing with the organs of the endocrine system, called glands, and their secretions, called hormones. The endocrine system is involved in regulating various body functions including metabolism, weight, mood, growth, sleep, reproduction, electrolytes and energy.
How common are endocrine disorders?
While exact current numbers are not known, it is known that thee are common conditions and a comprehensive 2009 review of the epidemiology of all endocrine and metabolic disorders in the United States confirmed high background prevalence rates.
What are some examples of endocrine disorders?
Endocrine abnormalities are due to 3 main causes:
- Underproduction of a certain hormone;
- Overproduction of a certain hormone;
- A malfunction in the production line of a hormone or in its ability to function correctly. Any organ within the endocrine system may be affected.
Common disorders include (but are not limited to):
- Acromegaly
- Addison’s disease
- Cushing’s syndrome
- Diabetes mellitus
- Hypercholesterolaemia
- Hyperparathyroidism
- Hypertension
- Hypo – and hyperthyroidism
- Infertility
- Obesity
- Osteoporosis and other disorders of bone metabolism
- Pituitary disorders
- Polycystic ovarian syndrome
- Turner syndrome
How is lifestyle related to endocrine disorders?
The link between poor lifestyle choices and endocrine disorders is becoming better recognised. Some endocrine conditions such as type 2 diabetes mellitus are considered “lifestyle diseases”, directly caused by poor nutrition and a sedentary lifestyle. In addition, endocrine disruptors in the environment are also recognised to impact on the endocrine system.
It is worth noting that stress, lack of exercise, insufficient sleep and poor quality nutrition may impact on the endocrine system in more subtle ways as well. The mind-body link is also an important determinant in overall health and therefore one shoud not neglect the importance of a meaningful value system, positive relationships, hobbies and good support network in ensuring physical and mental well-being.
Many symptoms which might point towards and endocrine disorder may in fact be as a result of an underlying lifestyle issue and this needs to be addressed in addition to any medical conditions.
Finally, depression and anxiety may also impact on physical well-being in deleterious ways and mimic endocrine diseases and should therefore always be assessed and managed in a holistic manner.
Why do I need to see an endocrinologist, can’t my GP help?
An endocrinologist is a specialist who has comprehensively studied hormonal conditions and knows the best possible therapies, even when conventional treatments do not work well. Unlike a family doctor or general physician, an endocrinologist studies hormones and hormonal diseases in depth, and this specialist will be able to provide the best possible therapy. In addition, endocrinologists endeavour to stay up to date with the latest treatments ensuring the best chance of a successful outcome. Most general practitioners have the skills necessary to diagnose and treat basic endocrine conditions, but sometimes the help of a specialist is needed.
What will happen at my first appointment?
An initial appointment with Dr. Merwitz will include a personal and family medical history, a medication history, discussion of symptoms, review of previously performed investigations, physical exam, lab workup, and, if indicated, imaging.
Do I need to bring anything with to my appointment?
Prospective patients should bring any previously performed laboratory and radiological investigations they may have. In addition, all medications, vitamins and supplements (or a list thereof) should also be brought. For diabetics, recent glucose readings are also very helpful.
Do I need a referral?
Patents may self-refer for an opinion though some medical aids require a GP or specialist referral for reimbursement purposes. This varies from scheme to scheme and we recommend verifying this prior to consultation.